When do SNAP cuts take effect?
When people talk about upcoming SNAP cuts, they might be referring to changes to the program from the reconciliation bill, often referred to as the “Big Beautiful Bill,” that became law in July, 2025.
The new legislation cuts federal funding for SNAP by $186 billion through 2034, according to the Congressional Budget Office, by making a series of rule changes. Some of these rule changes will begin right away, but others will happen slowly over several years.
If you get SNAP benefits, here’s a simple timeline of when the changes start, what to expect, and how states may apply rules differently. Staying up to date on program changes is one of the best ways you can protect your benefits.
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When do new SNAP cuts and program changes start?#when-do-new-snap-cuts-and-program-changes-start
Here’s a brief overview of upcoming SNAP cuts and changes and when you can expect to feel their effects:
Changes to immigrant eligibility (went into effect immediately)#changes-to-immigrant-eligibility-went-into-effect-immediately
Certain legally-present immigrants who were previously eligible for SNAP lost eligibility as of the day the new legislation was signed into law, sates were told to begin applying the new rules immediately
Stricter work requirements (expect these starting December, 2025)#stricter-work-requirements-expect-these-starting-december-2025
The new legislation expands the number of people who must meet SNAP work requirements in order to keep getting benefits. .
Previously exempt people, including adults ages 55 to 64, veterans, parents of teenagers, former foster youth, and people experiencing homelessness now have to show they’re meeting what are called ABAWD work requirements. Most states will start enforcing this on Dec. 1, 2025, but you may not have to submit proof until your next recertification date.
Utility and expense allowance cuts (went into effect immediately)#utility-and-expense-allowance-cuts-went-into-effect-immediately
SNAP takes your income and expenses into account when calculating your benefit amount, including how much you spend on utilities each month..
The new legislation changed how the utilities expense is calculated—this means some households may see lower monthly SNAP deposits than under previous rules. Most households will not see a change to their benefit amount until their next recertification period.
Limitations on future benefit increases (in the coming years)#limitations-on-future-benefit-increases-in-the-coming-years
The new rules restrict future updates to the Thrifty Food Plan, which is what determines how much money people get in SNAP benefits. This means SNAP benefits may increase by less over time.
States may pay more (in the coming years)#states-may-pay-more-in-the-coming-years
The new law also changes how much of SNAP program costs must be paid by the state. States may need to contribute a higher portion of costs in the coming years.
In October 2026, states will begin paying a larger share of SNAP administrative costs. In October 2027, states with high payment error rates will have to start sharing costs for incorrect payments to SNAP households. And in 2028, states may have to start sharing a portion of food benefit costs.
What’s different in each state?#whats-different-in-each-state
Even though it’s federally funded, SNAP is a state-run program, so the program changes won’t look exactly the same everywhere.
Some states may need more time to update computer systems, hire staff, or change their work programs.
In addition to timing, states will choose whether to adopt optional rules and may enforce work requirements in different ways—you should stay on the lookout for mail or email from your state’s SNAP agency.
